Gem Name | Chemical Composition | Hardness | Colour | Location |
Diamond | Carbon………..10 | 10 | Colourless, Yellow, Red, Blue, Brown, Pink, Green, Black | India, Brazil, S.Africa, Australia |
Ruby | Alumina……98.5 Oxide of Iron..1. 0 Lime…………0.5 | 8.5 To 9 | All Red shades | Burma, Siam, Ceylon |
Sapphire | Alumina……98.5 Oxide of Iron...1.0 Lime…………0.5 | 9 | All Blue shades | Burma, Siam, Ceylon, Kashmir, Montana, Australia |
Emerald | Silica….……68.0 Alumina…....18.3 Glucina.……12.2 Magnesia….. 0.8 Soda………. 0.7 | 7.5 to 8 | Emerald Green | India S. America Siberia |
Aquamarine | Silica….……68.0 Alumina…....18.3 Glucina.……12.2 Magnesia….. 0.8 Soda………. 0.7 | 7.5 to 8 | Colourless, Blue, Green, Yellow | India S. America Siberia |
Spinel | Alumina…..71.99 Magnesia. 28. 01 | 8 | Red, Blue, Green, Pink, Orange, Brown, Black | Ceylon, Siam, Burma |
Tourmaline | Silica combined with oxides or iron, magnesium, manganese, and aluminium, boron in different proportions. Very variable | 7 to 7.5 | Red, Blue, Green, Yellow, Brown, Black | California, Siberia, Ceylon, Ava, Brazil |
Rubies are in the Corundum kinsfolk of gemstones along with sapphires. What gives ruby it's form is chromium. Metal also inhibits growth, so it's rattling rare to exploit a plumping carat coefficient ruby. What increases the appraise of redness is variety (the deeper, richer material is unexcelled) and the clarity of the crystal. Pigeon murder red is the defining excuse for rubies. Is it milky sensing or can you see finished it? The more straight and translucent the alter. The most wanted after rubies turn from Burma, but there are rubies from Africa like Island and Serengeti that can contestant Asiatic rubies. Rubies are other superior finance. Colossal stones with superior form and transparence are woody to acquire and exact upper prices. Rubies are a 9 on the Moh's Hardness Gain.
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